The Supernova-Gamma Ray Burst Connection

Supernovae 1998bw and its corresponding relativistically expanding radio source are coincident with the \grb source GRB 980425. We show that of six recent SN Ib/c for which an outburst epoch can be estimated with some reliability, four have radio outbursts and all are correlated in time and space with BATSE \grbs. The joint probability of all six correlations is 1.5$\times10^{-5}$. No such correlation exists for SN Ia and SN II. The \gr\ energy associated with the SN/GRB events is $\sim10^{46} - 10^{48}$ ergs if emitted isotropically. Economy of hypotheses leads us to propose that all \grbs are associated with supernovae and that the \grb events have a quasi-isotropic component that cannot be observed at cosmological distances and a strongly collimated and Doppler-boosted component that can only be seen if looking nearly along the collimation axis. Such collimation requires a high rate of occurrence perhaps consistent with a supernova rate. The collimated flow may be generated by core collapse to produce rotating, magnetized neutron stars. All core collapse events may produce such jets, but only the ones that occur in supernovae with small or missing hydrogen envelopes, Type Ib or Ic, can propagate into the interstellar medium and yield a visible \grb. We suggest that asymmetries in line profiles and spectropolarimetry of SN II and SN Ib/c, pulsar runaway velocities, soft \gr repeaters and \grbs are associated phenomena.Comment: Submitted to ApJL on May 19, 1998. Revised on Jun 15, 199

Trypanosomes of the Australian brush-tailed bettong (Bettongia penicillata)- the parasites, the host and their potential vectors

The brush-tailed bettong (Bettongia penicillata) is known locally as the woylie and is one of two critically endangered potoroids in Australia. At a species level, they have declined by 90% since 1999, with their current distribution occupying a small fraction of their former Australian range. The predation of individuals made more vulnerable by disease is thought to be the primary cause of this decline; however, there may be other, as yet unidentified, stressors. This thesis details research that investigated whether trypanosomes are the causative agent that has reduced the fitness of the woylie and made them more vulnerable to predation. Woylies and haematophagous insects were sampled from five locations in southern Western Australia. Woylie health checks included the measurement of weight and skeletal morphometrics from adults, sub-adults and pouch young; reproductive observations on adult females; the collection of blood and ectoparasites from adults and sub-adults; and the single collection of tissues from a deceased adult woylie. During reproductive examinations, the maximum annual breeding potential was observed for the adult female, as to the pouch life, rate of growth, age of independence, sexual maturity and mating of the pouch young. Crown-rump and skeletal measurements of the developing pouch young were adequate predictors of age, with resulting growth curves being incorporated by the Department of Parks and Wildlife during conservation field-work. During the morphological investigation of trypanosomes from the woylie, a new species was identified and described: Trypanosoma vegrandis sp. nov. Morphological polymorphism was also identified for Trypanosoma copemani, with two different phenotypes described. Spatially, the prevalence of parasitic infections varied among the five study sites, with contrasting trypanosome prevalence observed from the two declining indigenous populations within the Upper Warren region in southern Western Australia. Parasitaemia associated with trypanosome infection in the peripheral blood of the woylie exhibited a temporal decline as the infection progressed, being indicative of the infection transitioning between the acute and chronic phase. This thesis addresses host reproductive biology, trypanosome identification, spatial, temporal and transmission dynamics of infections, with relation to acute and chronic health of the woylie. It appears that the chronic intracellular association of trypanosomes with the internal organs of the woylie may be potentially pathogenic and adversely affect the fitness and coordination of the woylie, making them more susceptible to predation. As evident from this thesis, the chronic effect of trypanosome infections requires consideration during future conservation efforts to protect the woylie from extinction

The dominance hierarchy of the Black-capped Chickadee and it\u27s relation to breeding territory and frequency of visitation to an artificial food source

A peck-dominant type of dominance hierarchy was demonstrated in a group of twenty-one Black-capped Chickadees and was consistent with what is expected of this species of Paridae at the interflock level. No significant correlations were found between dominance and frequency of visitation to the study feeder, between dominance and distance from feeder to 1980 breeding territory, and between distance to territory and frequency of visitation

Stress evaluation and design methodology for products with protective coatings

Call number: LD2668 .T4 ME 1987 T56Master of ScienceMechanical and Nuclear Engineerin

Workflows, processes and technical solutions for seeding the research data commons

Queensland University of Technology (QUT) completed an Australian National Data Service (ANDS) funded “Seeding the Commons Project” to contribute metadata to Research Data Australia. The project employed two Research Data Librarians from October 2009 through to July 2010. Technical support for the project was provided by QUT’s High Performance Computing and Research Support Specialists. ---------- The project identified and described QUT’s category 1 (ARC / NHMRC) research datasets. Metadata for the research datasets was stored in QUT’s Research Data Repository (Architecta Mediaflux). Metadata which was suitable for inclusion in Research Data Australia was made available to the Australian Research Data Commons (ARDC) in RIF-CS format. ---------- Several workflows and processes were developed during the project. 195 data interviews took place in connection with 424 separate research activities which resulted in the identification of 492 datasets. ---------- The project had a high level of technical support from QUT High Performance Computing and Research Support Specialists who developed the Research Data Librarian interface to the data repository that enabled manual entry of interview data and dataset metadata, creation of relationships between repository objects. The Research Data Librarians mapped the QUT metadata repository fields to RIF-CS and an application was created by the HPC and Research Support Specialists to generate RIF-CS files for harvest by the Australian Research Data Commons (ARDC). ---------- This poster will focus on the workflows and processes established for the project including: ---------- • Interview processes and instruments • Data Ingest from existing systems (including mapping to RIF-CS) • Data entry and the Data Librarian interface to Mediaflux • Verification processes • Mapping and creation of RIF-CS for the ARD

Men\u27s health: How men understand the concept of health and how this understanding shapes actions

The purpose of this research was to explore how men understand the concept of health, and how this understanding shapes actions. This dissertation developed as a result of both working at a Community Health Centre, and having an awareness that in Australia, statistics indicate that men\u27s health is steadily deteriorating. A theoretical framework implementing the concepts of health, socialisation (masculinity) and cognition was utilised to guide the research. The research involved interviewing six male participants, who were university students ranging in age from 20 to 40 years. Participants were questioned regarding their perceptions of health and health management. Interview transcripts were analysed utilising a symbolic interaction perspective, where the five major themes of family I friends, personal experience, exercise, food, and seriousness of concern emerged. The results of the study indicate that when analysing the five major themes, the concepts of health and cognition impacted upon participants responses to health concerns and health management. In contrast, men did not explicitly discuss masculinity as impacting upon health concerns or health management. Future research to explore how men understand the concept of health and how this understanding shapes actions could focus upon age differences, gender comparisons, or individuals not studying at university

The Buzzel About Kentuck: Settling the Promised Land

Touted as an American Eden, Kentucky provides one of the most dramatic social histories of early America. In this collection, ten contributors trace the evolution of Kentucky from First West to Early Republic. The authors tell the stories of the state\u27s remarkable settlers and inhabitants: Indians, African Americans, working-class men and women, wealthy planters and struggling farmers. Eager settlers built defensive forts across the countryside, while women and slaves used revivalism to create new opportunities for themselves in a white, patriarchal society. The world that this diverse group of people made was both a society uniquely Kentuckian and a microcosm of the unfolding American pageant. In the mid-1700s, the trans-Appalachian region gained a reputation for its openness, innocence, and rusticity- fertile ground for an agrarian republic founded on the virtue of the yeoman ideal. By the nineteenth century, writers of history would characterize the state as a breeding ground for an American culture of distinctly Anglo-Saxon origin. Modern historians, however, now emphasize exploring the entire human experience, rather than simply the political history, of the region. An unusual blend of social, economic, political, cultural, and religious history, this volume goes a long way toward answering the question posed by a Virginia clergyman in 1775: “What a buzzel is this amongst people about Kentuck?” “Not only exposes fallacies and gaps in previous research but also presents new findings and draws revisionist conclusions.”—Arkansas Review “The book is not just for Kentucky history buffs, but anyone interested in knowing what early Kentucky was \u27really like.\u27“—Bourbon Times “Most readers are sure to find something of interest here and will, at a minimum, come away with an appreciation for the current dynamism of early Kentucky studies.”—Filson Club History Quarterly “This collection adds considerably to new scholarly literature concerning the settlement of western Kentucky, with the welcome addition of some of the voices silenced in the past.”—H-NET Book Review “The Buzzel About Kentuck renews one\u27s faith in the importance of social history. It will be greeted as a preeminent guide to the most recent work on the social history of frontier and rural American in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries.”—John Mack Faragher “Brings into the mainstream of American history many stories that have been untold, and it is an excellent reference book.”—Journal of Illinois History “Thought-provoking. . . . A collection of fine-grained snapshots of the early social history of the first West and of the first South to the west.”—Journal of Southern History “In The Buzzel About Kentuck, 10 historians write about the dangers, hardships and uncertainties that befell those people who migrated to Kentucky, beginning in the 1770s.”—Kentucky Monthly “Readers who want to sample the new history now being written will find this well-edited volume an excellent introduction. It presents perspectives that will be new to many readers.”—Lowell H. Harrison, Bowling Green Daily News “Much needed and welcome. . . . Paints a picture of the early social history of Kentucky and the trans-Appalachian South that removes ‘the original oils of memory’ from the long, dearly held images of life on the Kentucky frontier.”—Register of the Kentucky Historical Society “No other state in the Early American Republic is currently blessed with such a large group of thoughtful and careful historians as Kentucky. It makes a strong case for the proposition that the history of Kentucky is central to any understanding of the history of North America in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries.”—Andrew Caytonhttps://uknowledge.uky.edu/upk_united_states_history/1022/thumbnail.jp

Pseudotype-based neutralization assays for influenza: a systematic analysis

The use of vaccination against the influenza virus remains the most effective method of mitigating the significant morbidity and mortality caused by this virus. Antibodies elicited by currently licensed influenza vaccines are predominantly hemagglutination-inhibition (HI)-competent antibodies that target the globular head of HA thus inhibiting influenza virus entry into target cells. These antibodies predominantly confer homosubtypic/strain specific protection and only rarely confer heterosubtypic protection. However, recent academia or pharma-led R&D towards the production of a "universal vaccine" has centered on the elicitation of antibodies directed against the stalk of the influenza HA that has been shown to confer broad protection across a range of different subtypes (H1 to H16). The accurate and sensitive measurement of antibody responses elicited by these "next-generation" influenza vaccines is however hampered by the lack of sensitivity of the traditional influenza serological assays hemagglutinin inhibition (HI), single radial hemolysis (SRH) and microneutralization (MN). Assays utilizing pseudotypes, chimeric viruses bearing influenza glycoproteins, have been shown to be highly efficient for the measurement of homosubtypic and heterosubtypic broadly-neutralizing antibodies, making them ideal serological tools for the study of cross-protective responses against multiple influenza subtypes with pandemic potential. In this review, we will analyze and compare literature involving the production of influenza pseudotypes with particular emphasis on their use in serum antibody neutralization assays. This will enable us to establish the parameters required for optimization and propose a consensus protocol to be employed for the further deployment of these assays in influenza vaccine immunogenicity studies

Advancing Autonomous Operations Technologies for NASA Missions

This paper discusses the importance of implementing advanced autonomous technologies supporting operations of future NASA missions. The ability for crewed, uncrewed and even ground support systems to be capable of mission support without external interaction or control has become essential as space exploration moves further out into the solar system. The push to develop and utilize autonomous technologies for NASA mission operations stems in part from the need to reduce operations cost while improving and increasing capability and safety. This paper will provide examples of autonomous technologies currently in use at NASA and will identify opportunities to advance existing autonomous technologies that will enhance mission success by reducing operations cost, ameliorating inefficiencies, and mitigating catastrophic anomalies